The Stress Level and Academic Performances for Chinese Overseas Research Paper

The Stress Level and Academic Performances for Chinese Overseas Students in Australia - Research Paper Example Using questionnaires and interview as research instruments, the researcher gathered data from Chinese postgraduate students from different kinds of field in University of Western Sydney. Using the questionnaire, the researcher collected data in areas such as the age of participant, gender of participant, the courses studied by participants, extra activities undertaken by participants such as part-time work, how participants spent their leisure among other things. Results obtained from students go a long way to show that most of the students go through stressful activities during the day even aside their studies. Combining studies with such activities therefore worsen their stress level. In the long run, it was revealed students with very high levels of stressful activities performed poorly compared to those who went through normal routines of the day. Introduction Learning is an act that demands so much mental attention and concentration. To this effect, it is almost a requirement th at before learning can take place, the mind (brain) must be in a state of alertness to receive the volumes of new ideas that is being added to it. Sadly though, most students who are the anchor of learning find themselves deprived of the state of alertness that is being discussed here. Such students lose their mental alertness to stress. Quoting Selye (1974 p. 27), Murff (2006) states that stress is a "nonspecific response of the body to any demands made upon it". This means that stress is a reaction that the body (and more specifically brain) gives towards any act of pressure that is placed on it. Koduah (2008) explains that the pressure that demands the body to respond is often found on the brain. To this effect, stress can be said to be a mental state of tiredness and this tiredness arises because there is so much pressure on the brain. Literally, one would be tempted to think that the only time that the brain is made to work is the time that the brain is being used to think and so it tiredness of the brain results only out of excessive thinking. This assumption is not correct. Rather, the brain is responsible for carrying out 80% of all activities that any part of the body undertakes (Kanner, 1981). This means that apart from activities that demand thinking, in undertaking activities with other parts of our body, it is actually the brain that we are using most. As elucidated by Garret (2001), stress is no respecter of person. Once so much pressure is put on the body, the mind gets tired and stress will sets in. Students have been identified to be one of the worse sufferers of stress (Murff, 2006). This is because apart from the fact that learning itself demands so much mental alertness and puts so much pressure on the brain, students are faced other activities and processes such as adjusting to university life and routines (Ross, Neibling and Heckert, 1999). Some of these activities and processes demand that students make new friends, have regular inter-pe rsonal relationships, work within fixed and at times

Financing Health Care in the US Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financing Health Care in the US - Term Paper Example prior to delving into the intricate issues and concerns that the government is trying to address to improve its present stance. Thereby, from among the scholarly articles reviewed on the subject, the suggestions and recommendations of various authors would be revealed in conjunction with one’s personal assessment on the subject of this discourse. There are two types of access to the delivery of health care services in any nation: through the public or private sectors. Generally, the private sector in any health care system of a nation consists of divergent nongovernmental institutions of an array of levels and dimensions. Public health is predominantly financed with funds from the government that is solicited from public sources such as tax revenues. The health care in the United States is dominantly serviced and administered by private health institutions where no public hospitals are deemed owned and operated by the federal government. As revealed by Holstein and Litzinger (2008, 15), â€Å"in the U.S., the rapid rise in health care cost and low access are widely recognized as twin problems. Health care reform in this country first focused on cost containment through managed care to make health insurance affordable, and then shifted to expanding access to coverage at the state level without doing away with the private health insurance market†. This fact was likewise validated by Siegel, Mead and Burke (2008) who noted the parallel contentions in the rising costs of health care services coupled with the increasing number of Americans who are uninsured. Health insurance can actually be availed through an employed individual’s employer or through the employers of either the spouse or parents’, as applicable. Health insurance can also be purchased individually depending on one’s capacity or financial status, and the required scope and contents of health insurance coverage. The problem is

Simulation Of Inmarsat C Channels Using Matlab

Simulation Of Inmarsat C Channels Using Matlab This report is all about Inmarsat-c channels its standards and simulation of C channels using matlab. The use of satellites for control, command, communications and navigation is an area of high end technology which has grown significantly over the last decade and been primarily dominated by the military. The establishment of mobile satellites is offering services to the public and commercial fleet operators the opportunity to take advantage of these developments. This communication channel implements Global Maritime Distress and Safety System and data transfer functions between INMARSAT-C compatible terminal and a land earth station. Compatible software, installed on embedded system controller is used for simulation of Inmarsat terminal. This controller transfer data to simulated Inmarsat satellite using a wireless transmission network. The satellite functions are implemented into another embedded system controller. This satellite communication controller is linked with Inmarsat ter minal via wireless transmission network and with another land earth station using a secondary wireless channel. The land earth station is software implemented in a PC linked with simulated satellite using a wireless network. This center is able to manage messages received from Inmarsat terminal, via simulated satellite, and convert them into short text messages, automatically delivered to local network workstations, in faxes format or mail messages. The system can be consists as base for a GMDSS simulator. 2. INTRODUCTION Inmarsat is an international organization which works for the satellite system for the support of mobile communication system. Another major function performed by this organization is radio determination services. The organization provides this radio determination service through out the world according to the necessity of certain area in the whole world. The organization was established in 1979 and now comprises 56 member countries and since 1982 it has operated a global network of L-band satellites. These services were earlier provided for ships, then the after certain time passed and new technology grew this service was also provided for the aircraft and now, according to the recent convention the land users of mobile can also get the service throughout the world. In the report software algorithms for the inmarsat C channels modulators and demodulators is discussed. Normally Sophisticated algorithms, including a fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based burst acquisition algorithm, carrier phase tracker, an innovative Doppler tracker, and acquisition symbol synchronizer, are developed and extensively simulated for reliable burst reception. The compact digital signal processor (DSP)-based demodulator hardware uses a unique personal computer test interface for downloading test data files. Inmarsat provides services according to established international standards which enables the mobile to roam and operate throughout the world. But the criterion is the international licensing requirements should be strictly followed in the applicable regions. This thing is very beneficial for the user as the servicing terminal is global and the operating cost could be saved. Another important perspective regarding this service is for manufacturer point of view that manufacturers can build large market and great number of users and the production cost of equipment could be reduced to the minimum extent. The Inmarsat Standards System has placed its foundation stone into the land mobile communications. Equipment is now being produced by many manufacturers throughout the world to technical standards introduced by IMWRSAT. This does not slow up innovative design or applications but ensures that all manufacturers of equipment operate efficiently through the satellites and fixed earth stations which provide access from the mobile to public and private telecommunications networks. Pre-operational services started in 989 in the Atlantic Ocean and are being expanded to the Pacific in the latter part of the year. The system is giving the users and manufacturers and opportunity to experience with the system throughout most of the world prior to full global commercial service which would be used globally at very frequent rate. The actual range of Standard-C facilities includes two ways of storing the messages and forwarding the data messaging as short burst of data. Todays fleet operators are facing increasing competition and a plethora of legislation which regulates their industry. It has therefore become essential that the truck operator be able to maximize the utility of the vehicle and drivers hours while staying within the law. This requires careful real-time fleet management which is an area where recent developments in on-board computer systems, vehicle navigation system, personal computers, reliable mobile telecommunications and fleet management software now provide the operator with the required tools at an affordable price. Throughout the world, truck owners face the same problems in maximizing the earning potential of the vehicle whenever it is on the road. In same countries return loads are not allowed to be carried by foreign vehicles while in others, companies find it difficult to identify potential cargoes. While the former may take time to overcome, the latter is now being addressed in many countries with cargo brokers and clearing houses operating data bases which show what cargoes are available and their destination. With many trucks still being owner operated, services such as these are likely to assume even greater importance as competitive market forces increase. The mergence of reliable navigation and communications systems throughout the world is now making it feasible for the truck operator to implement real-time fleet management solutions which will significantly improve his efficiency and profitability in the 1990s. In particular, the introduction of mobile satellite communications will integrate the truck and office and make the truck an integral part of the companies manageable assets. 3. BASIC DETAILS Satellite is basically any object that revolves around a planet in an elliptical or circular orbit. Natural satellite of earth is moon. Else there are also the manmade artificial satellites orbiting around the earth. These satellites are very help full in resolving many issues and provide great technological benefits for human beings on the earth. The path which a satellite usually follows is called an orbit. In the orbit, the farthest away point from Earth is the apogee, and the closest point is the perigee. Artificial satellites generally are not mass produced. Most satellites are custom built to perform their intended functions. Exceptions include the GPS satellites and the Iridium satellites. Satellites need to have certain ways of communication with Earth. Satellite need to get information and transmit the information it collects. It can relay information sent to it to another site on Earth. This is generally done using some type of antenna. The information is transmitted using radio waves that move at the speed of light, this method allows for very fast communications. All satellites must have a means of storing and analyzing the data collected, and ways of controlling its various systems. The satellite subsystem that completes this role is called telemetry tracking and control. Telemetry Tracking and Control is the main part or central part of the satellite and its operating system. It stores every activity of the satellite and receives information from the ground station, takes care of any general thing the satellite needs to do Telemetry Tracking and Control is made up of three components: Telemetry, Tracking, and Control Every satellite needs a source of power Factors to consider are cost, durability, and effectiveness. Satellites use up a lot of electricity Some possible power sources for satellites include: Solar panels Batteries , Nuclear power and Heat generators 4. INMARSAT Since 1982 INMARSAT has been providing high quality service of direct dial telephony to the maritime community throughout the world, 24 hours a day. In February of this year British Airways began providing similar services to aircraft crossing the North Atlantic. By the end of 1989 aeronautical data and voice services will be available worldwide on many airlines for public calling and airline operational requirements. Following the mobile reallocation of the L-band spectrum in October 1987 an Extraordinary session of the INMRSAT Assembly in January 1989 approved further enhancement to INMRSATs convention to provide land mobile communication services. Now, with the start of pre-operational Standard service, is poised to bring the benefits of satellite communications to all land mobile users throughout the world who have reason to travel beyond cellular or F3R coverage. Today, INMARSAT is the only organization with a space segment role to provide land mobile satellite communication services throughout the world. It is therefore in a unique position to rapidly respond to the needs of user community and to provide services giving both public and private closed user group access. In anticipation of these recent developments INMARSAT has, during the past year conducted an extensive series of trials and demonstrations of a low cost data and messaging service. These took place in East and West Europe, Australia and North America, and conclusively showed that the INWRSAT Standard C system is externally reliable and suited for land mobile use under all types of conditions and in all terrains. 5. STANDARD SATTELITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM The overall system design meets the goals of standardized system. Elements and details of this overall communication system described below 5.1. COMS At the remote site COMS is a low-power DC computer, INMARSAT-C radio, and independent power system in a single package. A message can be sent via INMARSAT-C to or from any device on the local-area network. COMS simply act as a filter, rejecting any packets that are not correct. GPS time messages are available from the INMARSAT- c radio, and COMS broadcast regular time packets onto the local area network. 5.2. Local Area Network. An EIA485 1ocal area network provides a simple digital communication link to elements of the ARCS. The LAN is reliable, low power, and noise immune. 5.3. MACS The monitor and control system is a low power DC computer, collection platform and independent power system in a single package. MACS collect hourly averaged scientific data from the DMS and utility data from the node data units then sends out the coded GOES data message. Monitor and control system can also send the same diagnostic data via INMARSAT if GOES is unavailable. It monitors van status and generates alarm messages. Monitor and control system has the ability to collect data sets from some instruments in the event the DMS is not operating. 5.4. DMS The data management system is the data collection workhorse for ARCS. It is a highly reliable implementation of a Sun workstation with copious tape recording capability. All elements of the DMs are redundant, including the processors. 5.5. NDu The node data units are small micro-power data collection devices that are placed in the network as required throughout the ARCS system. They perform monitor and control tasks on command and initiate certain alarm messages. One NDU is located in each sea container. 5.6. COMSAT COMSAT is a U.S. service provider for the INMARSAT satellite system. Messages can be transmitted to the ARCS in several different ways: (a) Direct transmission from an INMARSAT-c radio; (b) dial-up service to COMSAT; (c) Internet email service provided by COMSAT. 5.7. ARCS Base Station The ARCS communication base station is a multi-tasking computer that performs several tasks: (a) Monitor INMARSAT message traffic. (b) Provide an operator interface for sending control commands to the remote sites. (c) Routinely dial up and collect GOES data and forward them on to analysis sites. (d) Send alarm announcements when emergency messages are received. 6. STANDARD C SYSTEM The INMARSAT C system is the satellite system which usually provides two-way data communications from any place in the world. INMARSAT C terminals are very simple, cost effective and small in size to install any where at any point for example on vehicle ,air craft and easy to hand carry from one place to another place. Communications via the INMARSAT C system are usually data or could be message based. Any information that can be encoded into data bits could be transmitted using the INMARSAT C system. Any kind of Messages whether short or long are transferred from C terminal at information rate of 600 bits per sec. Frequencies are from 1626.5 MHz to 1645.5 MHz for the transmit, and 1530.0-1545.0 MHz for the receiving. C system is available in all four satellites of INMARSAT and its coverage area is from all oceans through 40 or more earth stations. A NCS in each region controls communications traffic. All INMARSAT maritime systems make use of 2-digit codes to facilitate transmission and reception of various types of maritime information. The typical INMARSAT C mobile earth station has a small omni-directional antenna. Antenna light weight and simplicity make it easily mounted on any place. Directional antennas are available which could be installed in fixed and movable modes. The main electronics unit is nearly 3 kg. Briefcase type terminals are available also and give benefit to international business travelers and field operators. Network architecture is shown below. Figure 1 . Network Architecture Some terminals have facility of built-in message preparation and display. Other terminals have serial port so that users can link their own personal computers or any other equipment for data transmission and reception. The power requirements of C terminals are good and can be easily achieved from battery and other resources. More than 100 different terminal models made by nearly 40 manufacturers are now approved to operate with C system. Communication system using a cost effective mobile earth station suitable for installation and use on any type and size of mobile platform. The system is providing two way messaging service and data communications on a store and forward strategy, one way position and data polling and enhanced group Call broadcast service able to address both groups and specific geographic areas. The system interconnects with both Public and Private Networks to provide International, Regional or National services. The store and forward feature enables the system to interconnect with any terrestrial message or data network. To keep the mobile equipment low costs and to minimize a very low G/T of -23dB/k at 50 elevations was selected to permit the use of a non-stabilized, unidirectional antenna. BPSK modulation is used and this coupled with the relatively low EIRP requirement of l2dBw can be achieved with a class HPA using existing semiconductors. To alleviate the effects of multi-path propagation on a very low gain antenna it was necessary to design a highly robust modulation and coding scheme. Transmissions frame the mobile take place between 1626.5 1646.5 M k and reception between 1530.0- 1545.0 MHz with tuning increments of 5 KHz. Standard C is therefore able to operate throughout all frequencies available on INMARSATs existing and next generation satellites which are already assigned for Land Mobile use. The narrow channel spacing also helps ensure maximum efficiency in the use of limited spectrum. The system has been designed with considerable flexibility in the access control and signaling protocols so that it can handle future new services and applications. The all digital design enables any type of data to be passed through the traffic channels due to the transparent nature of the transmission medium. Current INMARSAT satellites have global beams providing coverage of about 1/3 the earth surface and to satisfy the design link budget requires a relatively high satellite EIRP of 21dbW is used. Third generation satellites now being specified will have spot beams and the Standard C system will be able to automatically identify the appropriate beam. Because of the high power requirements the forward carriers operate in a demand assigned mode when network conditions require. In addition the store and forward mode ensures maximum loading of the carriers at any given time which results in a highly cost effective service and mode of operation. Network Coordination Station Each Satellite Network Region is served by an NJS which manages central resources such as traffic channels for demand assigned operation together with signaling and traffic control. Each NJS transmits a NJS communication signal which is received by all MESs when the message transfer is not occurring. The Communication Channel is used to announce calls to mobiles waiting at the LESS, for broadcasting E messages and at various stages for protocol signaling packet transfer. Land Earth Stations Each LES serves as a gateway between the ground network and INMARSAT Standard communications and network system. The different types of interface provided at the LES are decided by the earth station operator; however, Telex and E message processing are mandatory. All mobile earth stations that are active in the network region are required to register with the Key. The copy of the list of registered mobile earth stations are held at each LES and used as a reason for accepting or rejecting calls originating from the terrestrial network. In addition the location of every registered mobile earth station is held at the LES so that calls received at the LES for mobile earth stations that is on another ocean region can be redirected and the will call not be lost. Figure 2. SES Example 7. BENEFITS AND APPLICATIONS 7.1. ENHANCED GROUP CALL INMARSAT C terminals can receive multiple numbers of address messages known EGC. A specific header is inserted to the text to reference the group of mobiles and direct to the area for which the message is sent. Enhanced Group Calls can be transmitted in variety of languages and alphabets. There are two main types of Enhanced Group Calls: SafetyNET It provides an efficient and cost effective means of transmitting maritime safety and security information to vessels at sea and it is normally facilitated for different search and rescue coastguard co-ordination authorities. Short messages can be directed to mobiles and from mobile to any approaching specific regions. FleetNET It allows information to be sent to a virtually limitless number of mobile terminals simultaneously which are pre-designated. It is highly recommended for use by services specializing in the advertisement of news, reports and any other information regarding roads and ports. 7.2. SERVICES In bidirectional messaging INMARSAT C system can handle messages up to 32 kilo bytes in length. Every message from a mobile earth station is transmitted in data packets through satellite to a land earth station, where it is re-assembled and then sent to the final addressee via the local and international telecommunications networks. On the other side in the reverse direction callers can send messages to a single mobile earth station or to a group of mobile earth stations. 7.3. Data reporting and polling Many INMARSAT C system users need to acquire information from vehicles to cross-examine automatic data collection platforms at fixed or variable intervals. Data reporting allows the transmission of packets containing information of 32 bytes on request or on the base of pre-arranged intervals. On the other side polling allows the user base to interrogate a mobile earth station at any point of time, generating automatic transmission of the required information. 7.4. POSITION REPORTING INMARSAT C terminals can be connected with a wide range of navigation systems to provide a highly consistent, 24 hours position reporting capability. Position data can be derived from the earth based efficient systems and satellite based position fixing systems as global positioning system. 7.5. Distress alerting In the event of emergency threat alerting equipment gives the signal. The equipment is attached with Maritime INMARSAT C terminals. An emergency signal is automatically generated and information in distress alert signal contains position and any other information to a rescue coordination centre. 7.6. INTERNET EMAIL Most land earth stations offer internet electronic using the INMARSAT C service. 7.7. APPLICATIONS INMARSAT C is used in the road transports fishing boats, land mobile and aeronautical military aircraft, helicopters and also used by news agency members, international business travelers and people doing work for aid collection and for remote monitoring plus data collection. 8. STANDARD-C CHANNELS 8.1. General Different types of channels are used in INMARSAT standard C system. The channels are usually used not only in direct way communication from shore to ship but also inter-station links from shore to shore are used for network control process and monitoring. 8.2. NCS Common Channel The Network co-ordination station channel is a common channel which is time division multiplexed carrier transmitted continuously by the Network co-ordination station to all Satellite earth stations in the ocean region. Satellite earth stations tune to the Network control signal common channel when they are not operating. The channel operates on 1200 symbols per second with frame length of fixed standard of 8.64s. The information is encoded at half rate convolution and interleaved on a frame to frame base. Data rate is therefore 600 bits per seconds and all messages and signaling information is transferred in the form of packets. In each one of the frame total of 639 bytes are available for packets. The very first packet in each frame is board packet. After this packet number of signaling channel descriptor packets are transferred which are used to transfer information concerning satellite earth station usage of the signaling channels associated with that TDM carrier. 8.3. CES TDM Channel The forward link is used with the help of CES TDM channel when the CES is communicating with a satellite earth station. The structure of CES TDM is similar to the Network co-ordination station common channel described in details above, and is used for carrying out call set up signaling shore-to-ship message and acknowledgement messages and call clear down signaling. A CES can operate more than one CES Time division multiplexing channel and every channel is demand assigned by the NCS. 8.4. SES Signaling Channel The Satellite earth station signaling channels associated with each forward time division multiplexing channel are received both by the network control stations and by the CES mainly for signaling from the Satellite earth station to the shore stations. Access by Satellite earth stations to a Satellite earth station signaling channel is done with the help of algorithm known as slotted ALOHA scheme and the addition of one mechanism over it is reservation of slots in the channel. If more than one Satellite earth station transmits the data at the same slot collision occurs as seen at the receiving CES. To reduce the time elapsed before Satellite earth station is aware that its transmission is unsuccessful. Signaling channel descriptor packet in the forward time division multiplexed indicates the current status of all slots associated with that signaling channel. Slot timing is based on the time division multiplexed frame of 8.64s. Fourteen slots are allocated for the time of one data frame and 28 slots for future generation satellites. Any kind of Information which is to be transmitted in any slot is scrambled and half rate convolution encoded. The transmission rate is 600 symbols per second for current generation satellites and 1200 symbols per second for future generation satellites. Burst 120 information bits could be adjusted in one slot. The bursts do not contain acquisition preamble which are transmitted in the slots. This thing helps to maximize the signaling channel capacity. 8.5. SES MESSAGE CHANNEL Satellite earth station message channels are used by Satellite earth stations to transmit their messages to the chosen control earth satiations. Satellite earth station signaling channel is used in the call setup phase, but the message itself is sent on Satellite earth station message channel assigned by the control earth station. Access to the channel by Satellite earth stations is on a time division multiple accesses. The destination control earth satiations instructs each Satellite earth station to wait for the proper time to transmit, the time at which it can start transmitting. Once assigned a start time Satellite earth station will transmit its entire message without interruption. Any Information which is to be sent is formatted into fixed packets with fixed size and placed into the frames. Different frame sizes are available although the size is fixed for a particular transmission. Frame can contain between one and five packets depending on its size. Each packet contains 127 b ytes of information. Frames are scrambled, at half rate convolution and interleaved. A preamble is added before transmission. Transmission rate is only 600 symbols for current generation satellites and it will reach to 200 symbols per second for future satellites. 8.6. Inter-station Links Control earth stations offering C services have bidirectional links with the network control signal of the same region. This type of link is used to transfer announcements and Enhanced Group Calls messages from a Control earth station to the network control signal for the subsequent transmission on the network control signal common channel. In addition, signaling is shared on this link to make sure synchronization of access to Satellite earth stations and for the allocation of Control earth stations time division multiplexed channels by the network control signal. The transmission rate is 1200 bits in one second with no error correction techniques are employed. 8.7. Inter-Region Link Each network control signal is linked to the other Network control signals by inter region link channel. Mainly this channel is used to update other regions of any registration process by Satellite earth stations in a particular region. Automatic dial-up voice band data channels is used by this link over the public switched telephone network. These links operate at 600 bits per second, using CCITT V22 full duplex modems. 9. CHANNEL CHARACTERISTICS 9.1. Link Budget Considerations The performance of customary analogue data links is specifically defined for a specific threshold value at the receiver demodulator and the link accessibility is defined as the %age of time that certain threshold value is likely to be achieved. Standard C uses ARQ technique to re-transmit error packets. Due to this reason changes in demodulator do not affect the standard quality of the received message but it affects only the counts of re-transmissions needed to make sure that the complete message can be decoded without error at the receiver. In order to reduce the loading on the satellite the sum of energy per message transfer transaction must be reduce to limited extent. The forward link is more critical in terms of satellite resources and power reduction for this will degrade the demodulator receiver and the error rate for the packets will increase. Therefore more repeat packets will be required and result will be satellite capacity utilization. And all this is because of extra total message energy required in transmitting the repeat packets. Over this the drawback one additionally drawback is the time needed to complete the message transfer would increase. For best satellite capacity operation the satellite power should adjusted such a level that the sum of all message energy could be minimized. For this practice one forward TDM may serve many satellite earth stations and the power could be set to ensure a distribution of rate of error in packet across the satellite earth station population. 9.2. Signal Processing Features For the forward error correction half rate convolution is used on all the channels. A relatively short length allows the usage of maximum likelihood decoding techniques which can provide power in the region of 5 dB gain in an un-faded link. Similarly as a baseline for perfect performance limits, a decoder (Viterbi) has been assumed operating on three bit soft decision samples. A data bit going through the encoder is capable to influence group of 14 consecutive symbols and thats why the fading bandwidth is much less as compared with the actual data rate. All fourteen symbols could be affected by a fade. Now for time division multiplexing and message channels encoded symbols are assembled in a block before its transmission. After that they are transmitted in a different order. This interleaving has great effect on signal transmission. This interleaving process spreads transmission of the fourteen symbols connected with a given data bit over entire length of time which is large as compared to the fade duration. De-interleaving of the encoded symbols at the receiver side is used to convert successfully the long duration fades into the arbitrary noise which the decoder is capable to tackle because only 14 symbols could be corrupted due to a usual fade. The redundancy established in to the transmitted symbol stream allows restoration of the original data. For the Satellite earth station signaling channel with burst mode, interleaving is not employed as the bursts are very short duration for any kind of major effect. Data scrambling is also used on all the channels and it is necessary to ensure enough symbol transitions for clock recovery on demodulator side. Each packet contains the 16-bit checksum field which is transmitted on any of the INMARSAT C channels. Then it follows de-interleaving, decoding and descrambling operations, on the receiver checksum is calculated for each packet in order to find if the packet has been received is free of error or not. Channel time is given in figure below Figure 3. Channel time 10. DEVELOPMENT TOOLS 10.1. Simulation In the simulation environment characteristics of the Standard-C system in respect of the channel environment and the protocols are used because the analysis by conventional techniques is not suitable for examining the performance of system and many types of simulators have been used. Some of the simulations techniques and software programs are briefly described below: 1. Software program based on the TOPSIM language has been prepared to analyze the packet error rate in the forward and return links and the effect that various channel exhibit on performance. 2. LOTUS 123 has been used for analyzing the effect of certain traffic loading on a given network configuration. Using this software the results have been very useful in showing the capacity of the network and delays expected under different scenarios. 3. Simulator of testing demodulators is also there. This simulator allows the testing of demodulator functions in the multi-path fading conditions. Such kind of test equipment is not present in the market. 4. HOCUS simul

Biography Of Genghis Khan :: Biography Genghis Khan Bio Bios Essays

Biography of Genghis Khan The old world had many great leaders. Alexander the Great, Hannibal and even Julius Caesar met with struggle on their rise to power. Perhaps Genghis Khan was the most significant of all these rulers. To prove that Genghis Khan was the greatest ruler, we must go back to the very beginning of his existence. We must examine such issues as; Genghis ¹s struggle for power/how his life as a child would affect his rule, his personal and military achievements and his conquests. Genghis Khan was originally born as Temujin in 1167. He showed early promise as a leader and a fighter. By 1206, an assembly of Mongolian chieftains proclaimed him Genghis Khan. Which meant Universal or invincible prince. This was a bold move for the assembly. They obviously saw some leadership qualities in Genghis that others didn ¹t. When Genghis Khan was little, his chieftain father poisoned. With no leader left, the tribe abandoned Genghis and his mother. They were left alone for many years to care for themselves. Throughout these years, his family met many hardships such as shortage of food and shortage of money. Though unable to read, Genghis was a very wise man. His mother told him at a very early age the importance of trust and independence. "Remember, you have no companions but your shadow" Grolier Encyclopedia. (1995) CD ROM This quote was to mean to Genghis, don ¹t put to much trust in anyone, trust no one but yourself and if you must go your own way then do so. In 1206, Genghis Khan proclaimed the ruler of Mongolia. Genghis was a very respected leader. Like other leaders he knew what his people wanted. They want everything that is good and nothing that is bad. Genghis knew he could not promise this so instead he pledged to share both the sweet and the bitter of life. Genghis did not want to end up being poisoned like his father so instead he made alliances, and attacked anyone who posed a serious threat. Through this method of leadership, Genghis ¹s army grew to the point where they were unbeatable. Genghis contributed alot of items to the chinese and even western civilizations. Perhaps his greatest contribution was a code of laws that he declared. Since Genghis couldn ¹t read or write, these law were documented by one of his followers. His laws were carried on by people though the many generations to the point of still being in use

Changes of Lifestyle for Young People Essay

Introduction There have been massive changes in lifestyle of young people a century ago and the life of teenagers today. Most of the changes are remarkable and dramatic. Nowadays, there are fresh forms of media like the internet and television. Family makeup and emphasis on values today are nothing in comparison to what they were a hundred years ago (Weil, 1997). The young people’s objectives and viewpoints are also dissimilar amid of the two periods. All these modifications have made people believe that life today for a young person is far harder than it was a hundred years ago. Evidently, there exists several distinctions between life lived by young people in older days and that lived by teenagers today. Young people a hundred years ago lived a sanctuary life in comparison to those of the current times. Today’s teenagers do not just hear of violent activities within their communities, but are also aware of what is taking place in their nations and the world at large (Shephard, 2011). This has been made possible through embracement of technology and media. Television and the internet have enabled several young adults have their lives affected in ways no one even knew probable. The world today has been compressed to one small village by satellites and technological advancements that make communication of people in different continents easy. In older days, people communicated by use of signs such as blowing of horns, lighting of smoke, using messengers to convey messages from one region to another. The use of letters and posters was extremely high. Nowadays, communication is through social media like Twitter, Facebook, email addresses, cell phones and Skype just to mention but a few. Televisions have enabled news and entertainment to be easy and interesting. It was extremely hard to locate someone with a television a hundred years ago. Only a few people possessed them and were assumed to be wealthy people in villages. Approximately 80 percent of teenagers today have access to television, have cell phones and can easily access the internet. That enhances communication for them (Weil, 1997). There are certain distinctions in household concepts of older times and present times. A young individual’s household should be the superior influence of their lives. Parents of young people a hundred years ago comprehended this, and did all they could do to make sure this happen. When one looks at what is called household today, it is not what individuals hundred years ago would term as a family. Divorce was never known in communities those days and if there was a kid, a mother and father were present too (Hoikkala & Suurpää, 2005). Teenagers were extremely keen to protect their siblings. It was not possible for children to have two mothers or fathers and had no choice between father mothers. Families today are prone to family violence, divorce cases and remarriages that make children have more than one mother or father. This has made teenagers today to ignore the concept of family values and can do whatever they wish at any time. Discipline is extremely low in teenagers today as compared to young people hundred years ago. Conclusion Life today is far away different with life lived hundred years ago especially when young people are involved. The family structures and bondages of older times were strong but today they no longer have power. Parents today do not have full authority or capacity to discipline their children. This makes them ignore the values and principles governing families. In older times, communication was poor but today communication is extremely easy since technology has made the world a small entity. Life has really changed and things are not the same at all. The more changes are experienced, the more life becomes hard. References Weil, A. (1997). Eight weeks to optimum health: A proven program for taking full advantage of your body’s natural healing power. New York: A.A. Knopf. Shephard, R. (2011). Lifestyle and the Respiratory Health of Children. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 5, 1, 7-32. Hoikkala, T., & Suurpää, L. (2005). Finnish youth cultural research and its relevance to youth policy. Young, 13, 3, 285-312.

Family Factors That Influence Students’ Behavior in School

The traditional family structure has changed over the years because of divorce, single parent homes, two-career families and financial hardship. In an unstable environment, a child may act out causing disruptive behavior in school. School personnel deal with each student on an individual basis to figure out what factors are influencing their disruptive behavior. It is worthy to note, family factors attribute to a broad spectrum of negative student behavior in school. Sponsored Link Free online learning Inspiring new ways to teach your students STEMFamily DynamicsThe first teacher in every child's life is his parent. Studies indicate that parental expectations towards education is evident in a child's behavior. This is true no matter the type of family dynamics. Children with parents who nurture learning in a positive encouraging way have a better chance of succeeding in school. Too much encouragement or a parent with a negative, non-caring attitude towards learning may lead to an und ue pressure on the child causing anxiety, stress, underachievement and rebellion. Divorce It is not uncommon for children in a divorce situation to have behavioral issues in school.Divorce causes distress within a child. Their mind wanders and worries about the divorce situation. Guilt, feelings of loss, dislike of a parent or parents within the divorce situation may cause a child's mind to wander during school hours. Possible behavioral issues include aggression, loss of friends, isolation, intolerance for authority, and lack of tenacity to complete assignments. Financial Hardship The socio-economic status of a family plays a role in a student's behavior. There are numerous educational advantages for children from well-to-do families, even though they may have behavioral issues in school.It is, however, more likely that a child who lives in poverty or in the lower end of the middle-class will repeat a grade, be suspended or may be expelled or drop out from school. Violence and Abus e The National School Safety and Security Services states children who come from abusive homes harbor violent tendencies. Violence or mental abuse between parents or between parent to child manifests within a child to create a fearful environment. The child learns that violence or mental abuse is the answer to numerous situations, and may cause aggressive, disruptive and violent actions within the school system.Children exposed to sexual abuse and those that have been sexually abused may resort to sexual acts at an early age or they may attempt to force sexual acts on others. How Can Behavior Affect Academics for Students? Academic achievement isn't always an absolute measure of a student's intelligence. Instead, a variety of factors, such as teacher involvement, parental investment, school quality and student motivation, can affect academic life. Student behavior also plays a major role in academic achievement. A student's behavior can affect her ability to learn as well as other s tudents' learning environment.Sponsored Link Free online learning Inspiring new ways to teach your studentsDisruptive BehaviorStudents who behave disruptively by bullying other students, talking during lectures or by requiring the teacher to interrupt lessons to discipline them can have a negative effect on an entire classroom. A 2010 study published in â€Å"American Economic Journal: Applied Economics† found that disruptive students can lower the test scores and academic achievement of an entire classroom.Teachers who have disruptive students in their classroom may have to spend additional time on behavioral management, reducing the time the teachers spend teaching. Impulse Control Neurologists Sam Wang and Sandra Aamodt argue in their book â€Å"Welcome to Your Child's Brain† that impulse control is one of the most significant factors predicting academic success. Students with poor impulse control have more difficulty motivating themselves to study, do homework and listen in class. This can decrease their ability to excel academically, even when they perform well on IQ and achievement tests.Wang and Aamodt emphasize that rule-setting and teaching frustration tolerance play critical roles in helping children develop impulse control. Student Motivation Even the best teachers can't force a student to learn if the student is completely unmotivated. Student motivation can determine whether a student studies or does her homework, whether she seeks additional help when she needs it and how carefully she listens in class. A 2006 paper published in â€Å"Annual Review of Psychology† emphasized the role that student motivation plays in learning and found that unmotivated students tend to perform more poorly.The textbook â€Å"Child Psychology† cites research from developmental psychologist Albert Banudra indicating that children who are internally motivated are more likely to excel than children who require external motivation in the form of punishments and rewards. Mental Health Disorders Learning disorders and mental health problems such as attention deficit disorder, dyslexia, autism and oppositional defiant disorder can dramatically affect student behavior. Students with oppositional defiant disorder, for example, struggle to accept authority and may frequently defy teachers and parents, according to â€Å"Child Psychology.†Students who need mental health interventions, occupational therapy or psychoactive drugs may behave poorly in class even when teachers have excellent classroom control. This can affect these students' ability to learn, and students with some disorders may be unable to achieve good grades in typical classrooms. Things That Affect Children's Behavior Many aspects of a child's life affect his behavior. Home and school experiences play a critical role — they shape the way a child develops socially, emotionally, physically and intellectually as well as how he learns to cope in diffic ult circumstances.Within these two environments, sleep, diet, peers and parent discipline each affect behavior. Sponsored Link Natural ADD/ADHD Relief Relieve ADD/ADHD Symptoms Fast with Safe & Homeopathic Synaptol ®. synaptol-for-adhd. hellolife. net Sleep According to the National Sleep Foundation, sleep is â€Å"the primary activity of the brain during early development. † According to an article at CNN. com, a study published in the journal â€Å"Pediatrics† shows that â€Å"sleepy school children make crabby classmates, while students who get plenty of sleep are better behaved.†The study was performed by Reut Gruber, director of the Attention Behavior and Sleep Lab at the Douglas Research Center in Quebec, Canada. For one week, half the children in a class went to bed earlier than the other half. They were healthy children with no prior sleep or behavioral issues. Teachers noticed significant differences in the children's behavior. Students who slept less were overtired, impulsive and irritable. They had much more difficulty handling their emotions. Children who got more sleep were more resilient and alert. Diet A child's diet can also influence his behavior.In 1970, Ben Feingold created a diet that eliminated artificial colors, flavors, sweeteners and preservatives. It was intended as a treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Feingold suspected that such artificial ingredients led to hyperactivity in children. WebMD notes that â€Å"while most scientific studies have disproved Feingold's theory, some parents who have tried the elimination diet have reported an improvement in their child's behavior. † A new study performed in 2007 supported the theory. Claudia Wallis, in a â€Å"Time† article titled â€Å"Hyper Kids?Cut Out Preservatives,† discusses this study, which was published in the British medical journal â€Å"The Lancet. † The study found that common food dyes and the preservative sodium benzoate can cause children to become hyperactive and distracted. Peers Peers play a powerful role in how a child behaves. Young children learn a lot about behavior through observation and often copy each other. For instance, if a child cleans up his toys in a classroom and gets positive feedback from a teacher, another child might be encouraged to clean up her toys.If a  child throws food and other children laugh, another child might then want to throw food, too. Peer influence on adolescents might be even more powerful. A study performed by researchers at the University of Western Ontario and published in the July/August 2007 issue the â€Å"Child Development† journal showed that a teenager's desire to fit in and be part of a popular group played a role in his behavior. While being part of a group can lead to positive feelings and actions, being part of a deviant group can lead to riskier behaviors in adolescents.Parent Discipline AbilityPath. org describes the aff ect of consistent positive discipline on behavior in an article titled â€Å"Positive Discipline and Guidance for Children. † The goal of positive discipline is to guide your child to behave in socially acceptable ways. The article reviews several parent discipline styles. The authoritarian style emphasizes obedience and might include corporal punishment. This style of discipline can lead to insecure or aggressive behavior in children and an inability to make decisions, according to the site.The neglectful style, in which parents are minimally involved with their children, can cause low self-esteem, little trust in people and trouble learning new skills. The permissive style of discipline lacks structure. Permissive parents rarely enforce rules and tend to allow children to do whatever they please. Children parented in this way may have difficulty handling their emotions and may be less mature. Lastly, an authoritative-democratic –or positive — parenting style i nvolves teaching children to take responsibility for their actions. Appropriate expectations and consequences are made clear.Good behavior is encouraged, modeled and supported. This type of discipline promotes self-control and influences how a child makes decisions and interacts with the world around him. Behavior problems can affect a child's ability to learn and retain new information. Behavior problems at a young age can even predict future academic problems. Children who exhibit behavior problems at age 6 are more likely to struggle in math and reading at age 17, according to a study published in Pediatrics. Address behavior problems as early as possible to increase your child's chances of academic success. Sponsored Link ADD/ADHDNatural ReliefEnjoy Fast ADD/ADHD Symptom Relief with Safe & Homeopathic Synaptol ®. synaptol-for-adhd. hellolife. net Examples of Behavior Problems That Interfere With Learning Hyperactivity Hyperactive children have difficulty staying seated, which makes it difficult to complete school work. Hyperactive children also tend to be forgetful, according to the Johns Hopkins Medicine website. Children who forget things repeatedly struggle to memorize information, making learning very difficult. Hyperactive children may have difficulty participating in quiet activities, such as reading or writing, because they often talk incessantly.Hyperactivity causes children to shift their attention from one activity to another quickly, which poses challenges to a child trying to complete an assignment or task. Impulsivity Impulsive children may disrupt the entire classroom by blurting out answers without raising their hand. Children who answer homework and test questions by writing down the first answer that comes to mind, may score poorly on their assignments. Impulsive children struggle to think ahead, plan and problem-solve effectively, according to Michelle Anthony at Scholastic. com. These impulsive behaviors often interfere with learning a nd applying new concepts.Other impulsive behaviors, such as physical aggression or talking in class, may require disciplinary action that results in a child's removal from the classroom. Inattention Inattention deters a child from being able to focus on a single task. Instead of paying attention to the teacher, a child with attention problems may be watching other children, playing with things in his desk or just staring out the window. At home, children with attention problems may take a long time to complete their homework or they may not have enough mental energy to complete their assignments.Attention problems can also interfere with organization. An inattentive child may forget his homework or lose his assignments. Oppositional Behavior Children with oppositional behavior argue with adults and refuse to follow rules. Oppositional children also struggle to take responsibility for their mistakes, according to the John Hopkins Medicine website. An oppositional child may refuse to attempt any of his work. He may also refuse refuse to participate in certain activities, such as group projects.At home, oppositional children may argue with parents about homework and may refuse to put any effort into completing assignments. What Are the Factors That Affect Academic Achievement of Students? Factors that affect academic achievement include their level of intelligence. Social factors can greatly impact the academic achievements of children as well. Some social factors that should be monitored include aspiration levels, academic inclination, peer relations, social class, and home conditions. What are the factors that affect academic achievement of students?

Resume Writing Advice and Things to Avoid in Your Resume

Resume Writing Advice and Things to Avoid in Your Resume Resume Nightmares: Things to Never Put on Your Resume The comfortimg feeling of warm summer days may still be present in our lives, but, nonetheless, fall is already here. Still not convinced about that ï Å ? Have a look at the shop windows of the supermarkets nearby that have already started to sell their scary costumes and masks. With frolic witches and orcs, summers magic may quickly turn into a real nightmare. Even though nightmares make you wake up in the midst of night in cold sweat, they may also quickly become a reality. People sometimes consciously do things in their everyday life that can become real nightmares writing CVs, for example. Hardly anyone plans to devise a ghoulish resume; however, it frequently happens. Therefore, to introduce you to the festive mood of Halloween, we have created a list of common mistakes that make resumes look really disgusting. We have also prepared some resume writing tips to take into account when you wonder how to make a resume. The Slasher Instead of brandishing a shiny blade, an applicant will most probably provide a resume that was shortened beyond anything comprehensible and understandable. When looking at it from a distance, it may seem that the CV has all the signs promising it to be good (the format is OK, the fonts are legible, etc.), but when looking at it closer, there is nothing more apart from the lists, bullet points, and some wow words. Instead of providing a list of your benefits and strengths, consider connecting your experience and qualifications with the position you are applying for. The Psycho Hmm ... does the spelling seem rather off? Well, probably, it does. With the inception of numerous spellcheck programs, many pains regarding spelling were eradicated. However, spellchecks do not always guarantee you success. So, spend some 5-7 minutes and proofread the resume on your own or ask someone to throw an eye on it. The Blob This is a CV that is no longer a concise document that allows recruiters or HR managers to make out what qualifications or experiences the applicant has. To make it clearer, I mean that it would be proper to compare such resumes to small novellas. However, you must understand that adding more pages to your CV wont increase your hiring perspectives. Crying Wolf(man) Little lies may be fairly OK with you in your everyday life, for example, when you tell your Mom that the meat she baked is delicious although you have recently decided to be a vegetarian. However, when it comes to your CV, such lies are totally unacceptable. If you think that some small exaggeration wont spoil anything, youd be amazed how all these lies can turn against you in your future workplace when, for instance, you will be delegated an assignment that you havent a clue how to deal with. To sum up, take into careful consideration all of the aforementioned tips and you will be amazed how easier it will be to write your next resume.

Free Essays on A Separate Peace

A Separate Peace - Gene's Journey Gene Forrester's difficult journey towards maturity and the adult world is a main focus of the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles. Gene's journey begins the moment he pushes Phineas from the tree and the process continues until he visits the tree fifteen years later. Throughout this time, Gene must become self-aware, face reality and the future, confront his problems, as well as forgive and accept the person that he is. With the jouncing of the limb, Gene realizes his problems and the true person he is inside. Fifteen years later, when revisiting the tree, he finally accepts and forgives himself. This journey is a long and painful one. At the end of this long and winding road filled with ditches, difficulties and problems, Gene emerges a mature adult. Gene jounces the limb and causes Finny's fall and at that moment becomes aware of his inner-self and learns of his true feelings. This revelation comes to him back in his room before he and Finny leave for the tree. It surrounds him with the shock of his true self until he finally reacts by jouncing the limb. Up in the tree, before the two friends are about to make their "double-jump", Gene sees Finny in this new light. He realizes that Finny feels no jealousy or hatred towards him and that Finny is indeed perfect in every way. Gene becomes aware that only he is the jealous one. He learns of his animosity and that he really is a "savage underneath". Over a long period of time Gene had been denying his feelings of hatred towards Finny, saying that it was normal for him to feel this way. Now all of the feelings come back to him and he sees how terrible he really is. The realization that these feelings are one-sided causes Gene to to fall dramatically in comparison to Finny (he paints himself black for these feelings and because Finny doesn't share them, he puts a halo around Finny's head)... Free Essays on A Separate Peace Free Essays on A Separate Peace From Innocence To Experience The novel â€Å"a Separate Peace† is greatly dedicated to the adolescent years of ones life. For the duration of these often confusing year’s people make catastrophic mistakes. These gaffes are primarily believed to be vast setbacks in our lives yet ultimately improve ourselves and give us a better understanding of who we are. The characters in this book are used to exemplify this. Elwin Lepellier, a.k.a leper, is a character in â€Å"a Separate Peace† who underwent adolescent changes. Quiet and shy; leper is most comfortable when by himself and takes pleasure in exploring the world solo, as he does when he skis to the beaver dam. He maybe a loner because he breaks down under pressure, which often times embarrasses him. When provoked by Finny to jump from the tree he froze. When the ball was pitched to him during a game of blitzball he refuses it. When faced with the strenuous basic training encountered in the army, leper suffers from a mental breakdown and flees from the army. This is the catalyst, which causes a change in leper. His breakdown blurs his reasoning but at the same time sharpens his insight. This is made clear by his accusatory remarks towards Gene about â€Å"the incident† and the surprisingly powerful testimony at the mock trial. It is leper’s testimony that sends Finny to his indirect death. The main character in the book, Gene Forrester, has the most apparent change in the novel. In the beginning of the novel, Gene’s innocence represents a childlike contentment in conformity. Gene is able to attain a comfortable, predictable, unthreatening lifestyle through hard work and following the rules. Finny defies Gene’s former lifestyle and challenges him to experience life and resist rules. With Finny, Gene embarks on a new life liberated from humdrum routines imposed on him by adults. This new friend has yanked Gene out of his former self into an unbounded world which... Free Essays on A Separate Peace At the end of A Separate Peace, Gene reflects back on everything that happened and says â€Å"My war ended before I even put on a uniform; I was on active duty all my time at school; I killed my enemy there.† He, of course, does not mean this in a literal sense; he was not actually on active duty during school. Because the only person he kills (although indirectly) is Phineas, the statement â€Å"I killed my enemy there† might at first lead you to believe that Phineas is the â€Å"enemy† about whom Gene is talking. It is, however, more likely that Gene’s enemy was himself. His war was not the same one that engulfed the world around him, but rather the conflict between his easygoing personality and the darker part of him lurking just under the surface. One can tell that the â€Å"enemy† is not Phineas from the enormous amount of praise Gene heaps upon him after his death. â€Å"He possessed an extra vigor, a heightened confidence in himself, a serene capacity for affection†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"Finny had a vitality which could not be quenched so suddenly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  are some of the ways Gene describes his best friend after his death. The enemy Gene â€Å"killed† was not Phineas – the only person whose death he was actually involved in – therefore he must have meant â€Å"I killed my enemy† figuratively rather than literally. This â€Å"enemy†, then, is the dark side of his human nature, which exists in everybody but comes out extremely strongly in Gene. He does indeed defeat, or â€Å"kill†, this enemy. He recognizes that Phineas never had any malicious intent towards him and that he was merely projecting his own insecurities into his friend. He also realizes that he did somet hing unthinkable (crippling Phineas, who could use his mobility like no other), feels incredible remorse, and he overcomes the darker side of himself. In Gene’s own words: â€Å"†¦Phineas created an atmosphere in which I continued now to live.† Gene’s â€Å"war† was the conflict... Free Essays on A Separate Peace A Separate Peace - Gene's Journey Gene Forrester’s in the novel A Separate Pace had a difficult journey towards maturity and the adult world is a main focus of the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles. Gene's journey begins the moment he pushes Phineas from the tree and the process continues until he had visited the tree fifteen years later after he jerked it when Finny fell and broke his leg. Throughout this time, Gene had to become more self-centered and face reality and the future, confront his problems, as well as forgive and accept the person that he is. With the jerking of the limb, Gene realizes his problems and the true person he was inside. Then fifteen years later, when he had revisited the tree, he finally accepts and forgives himself. This journey was a long and painful one. At the end of this long and winding road filled with ditches, difficulties and Gene jerks the limb while Finny is getting ready to jumb and causes Finny's fall and at that moment becomes aware of his inner-self and learns of his true feelings. This discovery came to him back in his room before he and Finny leave for the tree. It surrounds him with the shock of his true self until he finally reacts by jerking the limb. Up in the tree, before the two friends are about to make their "double-jump," Gene sees Finny in this new light. He realizes that Finny feels no jealousy or hatred towards him and that Finny is indeed is perfect in every way. Gene becomes aware that only he is the jealous one. He learns of his animosity and that he really is a "savage underneath." Over a long period of time Gene had been denying his feelings of hatred towards Finny, saying that it was normal for him to feel this way. Now all of the feelings come back to him and he sees how terrible he really is. The awareness that these feelings are one-sided causes Gene to jerk the l... Free Essays on A Separate Peace A Separate Peace - Gene's Journey Gene Forrester's difficult journey towards maturity and the adult world is a main focus of the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles. Gene's journey begins the moment he pushes Phineas from the tree and the process continues until he visits the tree fifteen years later. Throughout this time, Gene must become self-aware, face reality and the future, confront his problems, as well as forgive and accept the person that he is. With the jouncing of the limb, Gene realizes his problems and the true person he is inside. Fifteen years later, when revisiting the tree, he finally accepts and forgives himself. This journey is a long and painful one. At the end of this long and winding road filled with ditches, difficulties and problems, Gene emerges a mature adult. Gene jounces the limb and causes Finny's fall and at that moment becomes aware of his inner-self and learns of his true feelings. This revelation comes to him back in his room before he and Finny leave for the tree. It surrounds him with the shock of his true self until he finally reacts by jouncing the limb. Up in the tree, before the two friends are about to make their "double-jump", Gene sees Finny in this new light. He realizes that Finny feels no jealousy or hatred towards him and that Finny is indeed perfect in every way. Gene becomes aware that only he is the jealous one. He learns of his animosity and that he really is a "savage underneath". Over a long period of time Gene had been denying his feelings of hatred towards Finny, saying that it was normal for him to feel this way. Now all of the feelings come back to him and he sees how terrible he really is. The realization that these feelings are one-sided causes Gene to to fall dramatically in comparison to Finny (he paints himself black for these feelings and because Finny doesn't share them, he puts a halo around Finny's head)... Free Essays on A Separate Peace The title of Knowles book A Separate Peace was both a literal and symbolic meanings. In the title the reader sees the teenagers as not really participating in World War II. The symbolic meanings of the title show that although they are in school the war has had a profound effect on them. The title is significant and has symbolic and literal meanings. The title of the book A Separate Peace is very significant to the story line. I think it tie the story of two young men together very well. They symbolize World War II and how people were fighting over different racial matter and what people religious back rounds were. If the book had a different title I think it would make us look at the book from different perspectives and it helps tell us how everyone was separate in the World. It also shows how a war doesn’t have to be something big; it could be the battle of a friend ship and how hard it is not to be jealous of someone when they are so different from you. This Quote will show how jealous Gene really is â€Å"Holding firmly to the trunk, I took a step towered him, and them my keens bent and I jounced the limb. Finny, his balance gone, swung his head around to look at me for an instant with extreme interest, and then tumbled sideways, broke threw the little branches and hit the bank with a sickening unnatural thud.â €  The symbolic meaning of the tile is that represents Gene and Finny and how it relates to World War II. Was that two different haves (Gene a smart and none athletic boy and Finny leader not a follower, was very athletic and did not like to follow rules), Gene was jealous at Finny and how he was so good at spots and was always the winner. This was like the World War II it all started because of one man who did not like the Jews because they were different and at that time in Germany were doing better than most of the society. So they tried to kill them all and make it seem like it was ok. I think this is jus...

Analysis of Suhagra Drug

Analysis of Suhagra Drug Introduction Suhagra 25 mg, is a recognised drug that is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. The erectile dysfunction, also known as impotence, is a condition where men have an inability to sustain an erection enough for the physical intercourse. The erectile dysfunction is not an uncommon problem, but repeated occurrence of this problem may lead to serious medical complication. Suhagra 25 mg does not cure the erectile dysfunction, but it helps keep maintain the erection enough by increasing the blow to the penis. The prime component of suhagra 25 mg is sildenafil citrate, which is very beneficial not only for the treatment of male sexual disability like impotence, lack of libido, premature ejeculation; but also for the treatment of heart disease like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). General information of Suhagra 25 mg Trade name: Suhagra 25 mg Generic name: Sildenafil citrate. Chemical formula: C22H30N6O4S. How supplied: Tablet. How does suhagra 25 mg work ? Suhagra 25 mg is a very safe and effective drug for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. Suhagra 25 mg is a generic medicine and main component of suhagra 25 mg is sildenafil citrate.The brand name of sildenafil citrate is viagra, which is a world class compound for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. This drug is also very effective for the person who is suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension. Viagra is a drug which comes under the class of PDE5 inhibitors, which is responsible for the breakdown of the cyclic genial monophosphate. The cyclic genial monophosphate is a vasodilator that is very important for the loosening of the arterial walls of the penis and it is formed due to the release of nitric oxide. This nitric oxide is released during sexual stimulation in the corpus covernosum, a type of spongy tissue in men’s penis, which intern, cause the erection by increasing the blood flow into the penis. When patient consumes suhagra 25 mg, it slows down t he capacity of enzyme cyclic geniall monophasphate, and causes degradation of nitric oxide which is responsible for the erection process. One should always remember that generic suhagra do not reduce the risk of sexually transmitted diseases or HIV. Indications of suhagra 25 mg Suhagra 25 mg is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men. Suhagra (sildenafil) can be used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Method and doses of suhagra 25 mg Suhagra 25 mg should be consumed orally, once in a day. You should always consult with your physician before consuming the drug. It is always suggested that suhagra 25 mg or any other erectile dysfunction drug should be taken at least 30 minutes before the physical intercourse. Suhagra 25 mg gives a very good result if it is consumed mixing with water. It can also be used in the doses of 50mg and 100mg depending on the effectiveness and tolerance capacity. Side effects of suhagra 25 mg: Unlike other medications, s uhagra 25 mg has very minor side effects, such as: Headache Nasal blockage Vision Problem nausea Dyspnea Bleeding from the nose Muscle pain Color blindness Acidity or heart burn Some of the serious side effects are:

Successful security management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Successful security management - Research Paper Example Since security is a mission to protect the people, property and the business, an integrated approach in policy making is essential for successful security management. A formal security frame work in an organization incorporates various security controls which need continuous review for an efficient functioning of the security system. A good security management model envisages security standards for effective practice which increases confidence level of the various stakeholders of the organization. The structure for security management in an organization should be established with clear-cut authority and clarity in reporting system since coordination during the times of exigencies and emergencies will be very crucial. This ensures proper communication at all levels, improves coordination and avoids delays Talbot & Jackman (p. 10) state, â€Å"The term â€Å"security† can of course be a much broader term. For example, if we consider security as a â€Å"state of being protected from hazards, danger, harm, loss of injury,† it also includes elements of protection from natural disasters and concepts of organizational resilience.† Security management is closely related to risk management. Risk could emanate due to various factors, such as accidents in work place, damages due to acts of god, eruption of fire, wars, political and communal violence, theft and loss of confidential information and business secrets. Combination of one or more factors may lead to loss of financial resources and bankruptcy. Also, risks involve health and safety of people and property. Liberalization and globalization drive in various countries have actually increased the risk profile of the projects and businesses considerably due to innovations in information technology and telecommunications and pose threats to the lives of industrialists and politicians. Industrial espionage which is aided by sophisticated

Palliative care and the needs of cancer and non-cancer patients Essay

Palliative care and the needs of cancer and non-cancer patients - Essay Example Nevertheless, efforts to lengthen life or to comfort are not necessarily mutually exclusive. Many patients who receive palliative care feel better and live longer than expected. The boundary between "cure" and "care" is cultivated by eligibility rules for hospice benefits established by the federal government and private insurers to limit expenditures for palliative care. Confining palliative care to those who are expected to live no longer than six months creates pointless misery for many patients. It also unjustifiably weighs down clinicians who, in several circumstances, cannot precisely and truthfully calculate whether a seriously ill patient will live three months, six months, a year, two years, or even longer. This rigid division between cure and care likewise discourages suffering patients from requesting palliative care. Based on the model definition of the Canadian Palliative Care Association, the term palliative care has been characterised as "a philosophy of care and combination of therapies intended to support persons living with life-threatening illness. Palliative care strives to meet physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs, while remaining sensitive to personal, cultural, and religious values. Palliative care may be needed at any time in the disease trajectory, and bereavement. It may be combined with therapies aimed at reducing or curing the illness or it may be the total focus of care. Care is delivered through the collaborative efforts of an interdisciplinary team including the individual, family, and others involved in the provision of care. Where possible, palliative care should be available in the setting of personal choice" (Ferris and Cummings 1995, p.12). As it is, palliative care does not end with the death of the patient. Although not all families require sophisticated follow-up, a palliative care program must offer bereavement counseling. Physicians and oncology nurses trained to deal with families in distress can help them link up with the palliative care group (McDonald 1998, p. 1710). Early implementations of palliative care for patients with chronic, critical, or multiple illnesses reduce the need for crisis-oriented services. Early palliative care affords a basis for predicting and preparing for the inconvenience intrinsic in the treatment and care of such individuals. In certain situations, especially those children with serious diseases, early palliative care can prepare the patient for life-prolonging treatments such as chemotherapy and make the treatments more acceptable and certainly more bearable. "Quality of Life" As mentioned, a major objective of palliative care is to achieve the best quality of life for patients and their families and this aim is often evaluated by measures of quality of life. However, the concept of quality of life, is complicated and quite tricky to define, being both individual and multidimensional and, although many instruments exist which attempt to quantify it, measurement is difficult. In the

Silverstone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Silverstone - Essay Example be required in the circuit in the near future, or some variable that the company may need to keep under consideration while taking strategic decisions. In order to evaluate the business environment, tools such as PESTEL and SWOT have been used. SWOT analyses internal environment as well as the external environment of the entity, whereas PESTEL is thorough external environmental analysis. Silverstone enjoys amazing brand equity and can easily attract sponsorships from people whenever an event is taking place there. Their biggest strength, the brand equity should be capitalized for further expansion plans and channelizing it towards catering to weaknesses. The biggest weakness is the fact that they are not allowed to increase their ticket price (Wadham, 2010); while pivoting through brand equity and the services Silverstone has been providing, they can increase the price marginally to reap greater profits. Also, such a successful organization needs to develop an organizational structure to increase responsibility and accountability. There is no presence of an organizational structure that may hamper its pace towards success (Silverst one, 2010). The biggest opportunity that Silverstone is already working on is to provide the extended accommodation to people who want to have an extended stay at the track. This along with their extended marketing plans to reach out to women should help them gain a competitive advantage in their favour. In today’s market, it is very important to gain advantage and increase market share; Silverstone is on the right track to get a better market share. Silverstone should focus on marketing the brand name and not serve as a host, as it will diminish brand recognition of the customers (Silverstone, 2010). Further analyzing the external environment through PESTEL, one realizes that one of the biggest issues that Silverstone faces is political. Silverstone may feel political pressure in the future to vacate the land as it does not bring in

( Herbert Hoover )By analyzing his times, his initiatives as President Essay

( Herbert Hoover )By analyzing his times, his initiatives as President and his record of accomplishments, argue that he either was or was not an effective President and discuss why - Essay Example He freely accepted the great depression and blamed the Americans despite 1the sufferings it brought to them. For more than three years, he refused to take any step to alleviate suffering.1 It is believed that Herbert Hoover was rightly placed, but in the wrong time. Based on his ideological beliefs, he could have performed better than his predecessors if there was no any depression. He was more committed to the active government than Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge. Nevertheless, due to the beginning of the great depression, he received blames from his countrymen during his time and from the subsequent generations. In his own way, Herbert Hoover tried to alleviate the depression more than any other preceding presidents, but all his plans failed. Hoover strived to portray his success throughout his life. He was orphaned at the age of six years. He attended Stanford University and became an engineer. He also entered into the world of business, started his own business and became a multimillionaire. He served as a volunteer in food administration during the Great War. He headed a private relief campaign during the First World War; this earned him good reputation and the ticket to the presidency through the Republican Party. After rising to power, the Depression began, and Hoover’s efforts of alleviating it became unsuccessful.2 Reports show that Hoover was apparently aware of the problem; Hoover confided in William J. Abbot (Editor of Christian Science Monitor) about his fears in late 1928. He purportedly said that his campaigners had portrayed him as a superman who could handle all complicated and difficult problems. He predicted his suffering for anything wrong beyond his ability and measure to solve. People expected the impossible from Hoover; in 1932, he said that he was totally oversold.2 Despite the fallacious, undeserved, but enduring reputation, Hoover

Agency Structure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Agency Structure - Research Paper Example The agency oversees the public lands and minerals. It is accountable for about 264 million acres of the American lands. In the federal administration structure, the agency falls under the Department of Interior, the body entrusted with the supervision and protection federal lands and issues concerning to American citizens. The BLM is an executive department agency with the cabinet secretary accountable for the Interior department monitoring activities of the agency. The Bureau of Land Management budget request jurisdiction lies with the subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies (NARA, 2011). In functional classification of the federal government, the BLM agency’s activities fall under the Natural Resource and Environment section. The section has a responsibility of developing, administering and maintaining the country’s natural resources and surroundings. In this category, the BLM agency lies under the sub-function Conservation and Land management. This agency has a role of managing, building and establishing water and associated resources in the American lands. In the federal structure, the agency falls under the executive arm of the government. The agency is coordinated by the Department of Interior. The Interior cabinet secretary has a direct control over the agency’s activities (Welch, 2010). The U.S government directly funds the agencies’ activities. Bureau of Reclamation is an executive agency. The agency has four main centers, the lower Colorado center, the mid-Pacific center, the Northwest and Upper Colorado region. In the functional classification of the federal government, the Bureau of Reclamation activities falls under the Natural Resource and Environment clause. Within the Natural Resource and Environment section, the Bureau of Reclamation agency lies under the sub-function water resources. The Agency’s fund is utilized in constructing dams, canals and in establishing power stations ( NARA, 20 11). Presently, the

Reaya Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaya Co - Essay Example Our primary goal is to provide nurses who offer excellent care and packages that set public standards and surpass client expectations in a compassionate, appropriate and economical manner. Our vision is to transform the quality of healthcare through values of care, service, novelty and excellence. We are acknowledged by our staff, clients and the society as the best organization to work in as well as the best place for nursing practice. We provide nurses that are highly skilled professionals assuring each family peace of mind that their loved one is in excellent hands. Reaya Co. strives to uphold safe evidence-based nursing practice that reaches the scope of the nursing career as defined by the Joint Commission International. Our nurses possess specialized knowledge and abilities with extensively different paths of practice. We allow independence in decision making to ensure that personal capabilities are accomplished to full potential. The nurses are sophisticated and are adapted to work in different environments with changing client needs. We recognize the need for life-long learning and continuous skill development among the nursing fraternity. Reaya Co. professional services provide a number of learning opportunities for our staff through conferences and events. Our professional services offer expertise and consultancy to our staff regarding various workplace ergonomics as well as health and safety matters. We ensure that our employees are guaranteed of safe working conditions and that they are adequately equipped for safe patient management and disaster preparedness. We promote research activities spearheaded by our nursing professionals as well as other stakeholders in healthcare to ensure our clients take advantage of the latest inventions in nursing and also for our staff to develop research competency for their future career and personal development goals. We also offer internship opportunities that expose upcoming nursing professionals to

Agency Structure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Agency Structure - Research Paper Example The agency oversees the public lands and minerals. It is accountable for about 264 million acres of the American lands. In the federal administration structure, the agency falls under the Department of Interior, the body entrusted with the supervision and protection federal lands and issues concerning to American citizens. The BLM is an executive department agency with the cabinet secretary accountable for the Interior department monitoring activities of the agency. The Bureau of Land Management budget request jurisdiction lies with the subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies (NARA, 2011). In functional classification of the federal government, the BLM agency’s activities fall under the Natural Resource and Environment section. The section has a responsibility of developing, administering and maintaining the country’s natural resources and surroundings. In this category, the BLM agency lies under the sub-function Conservation and Land management. This agency has a role of managing, building and establishing water and associated resources in the American lands. In the federal structure, the agency falls under the executive arm of the government. The agency is coordinated by the Department of Interior. The Interior cabinet secretary has a direct control over the agency’s activities (Welch, 2010). The U.S government directly funds the agencies’ activities. Bureau of Reclamation is an executive agency. The agency has four main centers, the lower Colorado center, the mid-Pacific center, the Northwest and Upper Colorado region. In the functional classification of the federal government, the Bureau of Reclamation activities falls under the Natural Resource and Environment clause. Within the Natural Resource and Environment section, the Bureau of Reclamation agency lies under the sub-function water resources. The Agency’s fund is utilized in constructing dams, canals and in establishing power stations ( NARA, 20 11). Presently, the

The Simpsons & a typical sitcom Essay Example for Free

The Simpsons a typical sitcom Essay Evaluate the extent to which The Simpsons follow the conventions of a typical sitcom. Refer to specific episodes that you have watched to support your evaluation. As T. V was getting more and more popular some shows had started, which fitted into a category of Sitcoms. These types of shows were both humorous and situational. The type of comedy which was comic devices like violence which is funny in cartoons or in real life the way the people fight and when some one gets hurt it brings a sense of comedy. There were a variety of different devices used examples include: Satire- this was a way of making jokes of stereotypes most people in America are stereotypes. Gags- In the sitcom it shows there were a lot of gags (jokes) used to make the show funny and more interesting. Slapstick- this was used a lot not only in cartoons but also in real life you would see idiotic people running into walls or slipping over banana peals. These sitcom shows were short. Normally what would happen is that there would be a situation but at the end everything will turn out to be OK and the situation would be dealt with. In most sitcoms when something funny would happen you would hear canned laughter it is an audience laugh recorded. Sitcoms were based on middle class homes/workers and about normal American/British families. The episodes werent in any sort of order any episode would come on. You would have main characters like the family and then the other characters friends, neighbours and other family/relatives etc. The narrative structure becomes a problem and it needs to be sorted out, at the end everything is back to normal, it is a simple plot. In the opening sequence of a sitcom called The Simpsons they show different stereotypes. The show is about a normal American middle class family. The father in this family is Homer Simpson who is a fat lazy slob he is definitely a stereotype because a lot of people are like him. In the opening sequence he is introduced when we go into the power plant he is doing dangerous work with a radioactive rod, which is glowing, there is a caution sign behind him, when the whistle blows to go home he drops everything takes his gas mask of. The radioactive rod bounces and falls into the back of his collar this shows how careless he is and it shows his stupidity. This is because he didnt care where the rod fell or even realized it fell he just wants to get home. In every Family you have a little devil that in the Simpsons appears to be Bart Simpson we see him at school writing lines on the board (he is in detention). Each episode he is writing something different and they are humorous for example I will not encourage others to fly the bell rings and he runs out of school, gets onto his skate board and goes home as he goes past chief Wiggum who is a police officer who waves his stick at him when Bart goes past him to slow down or to stop but Bart goes off. Also in every family you have an angel and in the Simpsons it is little Lisa Simpson she is intelligent and bright. In the opening sequence she is shown to be talented we see her in a music class she is playing a saxophone and she is very good at it. Marge is a stereotype as she stays at home and nurturing the children she doesnt go out as she is stuck with the household domestics e. g. cooking, shopping, cleaning etc. In the opening sequence she is shopping and she is not paying attention to Maggie who is on the till and she gets scanned at is put into the shopping bag Marge realises that Maggie is missing and she gets worried but Maggie pops her head out of the shopping bag and then they go home. The family get home at the same time. The episode that I had watched was Simpsons roasting on an open fire. A simple plot of this episode is that the family go out to do the Christmas shopping and Bart goes of and gets a tattoo Marge sees him and immediately takes him to get it removed unfortunately she spends all the Christmas money to get it removed she thinks she can use Homers Christmas bonus to use on Christmas. Meanwhile homer is at work and he finds out that he isnt getting a Christmas bonus so he thinks the family can use the money they saved not knowing Marge has spent it. When the family get home Homer finds out that the money they saved up has been spent to get Barts tattoo being removed Homer doesnt tell the family that his Christmas bonus is cancelled so he works in a superstore as Santa Clause. Bart finds out about this and at the end of Homers job he only gets $13. 00 so him and Bart go to the derby they lose but they bring the dog that they chose home because he was kicked out the derby so at the end every one is happy. In the Simpsons Homer is shown to be stereotyped because in America you would find a lot of people like him, he is not well educated, hes lazy, and he eats and drinks a lot, there are a lot of people in America like him but still though these people are stereotyped at the end they are all kind and loving towards there families. Homer would usually come home from work eat dinner with his family then he would either sit and watch telly or go out to Mos and have a drink with his friend. Another familiar character is Bart hes always in trouble and doing bad things, hes a rebel, and his family doesnt discipline him but only by his teacher who makes him write lines after school on the black board and it doesnt really help him. In the opening sequence when we see Barts school he is in detention writing out lines on the black board from there we can see that he is a bad boy and when he skates down the streets there are a lot of children who are exactly like this. Characters who are not part of the family lie Nelson Muntz hes in Lisas class and he is a typical bully who is normally hitting Bart or bullying other children. He is a stereotype because in every school or town you have a bully. He hangs around with a boy called Jimbo Jones and two other characters together they cause a lot of mischief. As always you have a group of bullies. Chief Wiggum is a stereotype like Homer he is fat lazy and doesnt do his job properly he is also very stupid (he is a police man). In one episode Bart is told to look after Maggie but while he is watching T. V she goes of with Homers car she zooms past chief Wiggum hes eating a donut and drinking coffee he says oh look theres a baby driving a car, and look theres a dog driving a bus he doesnt do anything about it. This shows how lazy he is and a stereotyped person. The Simpsons is not to fit into a stereotype of a typical sitcom. We analyse the episode The Simpsons Roasting on an open fire in this episode we see that the Simpsons, although different to what we have previously seen on typical sitcoms, they do love each other at the end of the day. The family are stereotyped of a normal everyday family. They are not perfect and they do have many problems but they are a healthy family. They are individually stereotyped in their own ways. Marge is a typical mother because like most housewives she is stuck at home with household domestics and looking after Maggie but she is more independent than other women in her position. Homer is very irresponsible he is clumsy and he is dumb. He is the father of the family he provides and cares for them but as we see Homer in the episodes he is shown to be really stupid but at the end of the day he does love, care and provide for the family. The children as a whole are very bright they have done a number of things for example Bart always catches out side-show Bob while he is planning something evil and Lisa helps her brother a lot she is very clever and saved her fathers life during a heart operation. The children do love their family and care for each other.

Terror Management Account of Conspicuous Consumption

Terror Management Account of Conspicuous Consumption Abstract The motivation behind this part is to clarify the mental underpinnings of the obvious utilization from the viewpoint of dread administration hypothesis. Our fundamental proposal is that prominent utilization is an immediate consequence of the extraordinary human consciousness of mortality and the quest for self-esteem and passing amazing quality that this mindfulness causes. In spite of the fact that it is anything but difficult to study contemporary American cases of avarice and indulgence, given the long and broad mankinds history of unwarranted utilization, we cant credit it to the impact of present-day private enterprise or corporate culture; rather, it is a result of essential all inclusive needs. Without a doubt, we contend that if contemporary people are all the more extremely inefficient, it is fundamentally as a result of present day innovation instead of due to any new social or mental improvements. We exhibit authentic and observational confirmation in support of our dread administration clarification of consumerism. At last, we consider what may be done to encourage life-maintaining utilization, stripped of the harmful, psychopathological craving for endless measures of pointless stuff that undermines human bliss and debilitates the very presence of the human species by contaminating and exhausting the regular assets whereupon our survival, at last, depends on. A TERROR MANAGEMENT ACCOUNT OF CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION Modern man is drinking and drugging himself out of awareness, or he spends his time shopping, which is the same thing †¢ Ernest Becker, The Denial of Death Authors main claim? The Authors main claim is that the human awareness of death and the potentially overwhelming existential anxiety, it engenders motivates people to imbue life with meaning and derive self-esteem from cultural beliefs about the nature of reality. That concern about mortality play a pervasive role in human affairs, and suggests that people construct cultural worldviews in order to manage the terror engendered by the human awareness of death. What are the reasons the author gives for his/her main claim? 1. The virtues of materialistic consumption are deeply woven into the very fabric of human culture. 2. The human desire for money and materials indicates that rationality is not the sole factor that drives consumption behavior. What evidence does the author give for each claim you identified above? Evidence might include examples, statistical data, interview responses, or theoretical application. Evidence 1 : Business communities worried, because of the magnitude and impact of the terror attack on sep 11, that the incident would initiate a recession in the United States.Americans bought homes and cars in record quantities. They also snapped up appliances, furniture, and electronic gadgets. From October through December, consumption soared at 6% annual rate.Although exercising ones credit cards in the wake of these catastrophic reminders of vulnerability and mortality may in some ways seem surprising, such behavior follows predictably from the perspective of terror management theory. Evidence 2 : Spending eternity in a heavenly afterlife is a quaint and attractive prospect (e.g., Islamic Jihads Sheik Abdulla Shamnis 1995 [reported by Abu-Nasr, 1995, p. 1A] descrip ­tion of heaven as a world of castles, flowing rivers, and lush fields where the blessed can eat the most delicious food, the most luscious fruits and the tenderest cuts of meat), but ultimately intangible and empirically uncertain, whereas large piles of gold, enormous mounds of possessions, and lavish con ­sumption is ineluctably real and symbolically indicative of immortal power. The notion that the urge to splurge is fundamentally a defensive death denial above and beyond the quite legitimate pursuit of material comfort and aes ­thetic pleasure is supported by both the historical record and contemporary empirical research. Evidence 3: Roheim (1934) found that the primary motive for acquiring money and possessions in virtually all known tribal cultures is ulti ¬mately symbolic and ceremonial, in the service of gaining and maintaining prestige, and has little to do with money as a rational medium of exchange of goods and services. Do you agree with the author? Why or why not? Explain in 4-6 sentences. Yes, I agree with the author because in this world human behavior is directly or indirectly related to consumption ,yet our consumption behavior is not based solely on our physical survival needs despite it takes lot of time and effort to make money to be extravagant and lavish and you hardly find any time to think of death and practice measures to deny it. References Solomon, S., Greenberg, J. Pyszczynski, T.A. (2003). Lethal consumption: Death-denying materialism http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042811019999 https://www.scribd.com/document/197728014/LETHAL-CONSUMPTION-DEATH-DENYING-MATERIALISM https://bradleyallsop2.wordpress.com/2015/01/22/death-denying-our-defining-feature/